Yintoni uMahluko phakathi kweMembrane kunye ne-RO?

intshayelelo

Kwicandelo lokucocwa kwamanzi, ii-membrane kunye neenkqubo ze -reverse osmosis (RO) zidlala indima ebalulekileyo, nganye ibhengeza izixhobo ezingenakuphoswa zokucoca ukungcola emanzini. Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kokuhluzwa kwe-membrane kunye nokuveliswa kwe-RO kubalulekile ekukhetheni indlela efanelekileyo yokunyanga amanzi.

Amagama athi "membrane" kunye "reverse osmosis (RO)" anxulumene kodwa abhekisa kwiimbono ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo zokucocwa kwamanzi:

I-membrane: I-membrane sisithintelo esithile esivumela izinto ezithile ukuba zidlule ngelixa zivala ezinye. Ii-membrane ezisetyenziswa ekucoceni amanzi zihlala ziingceba okanye ii-membrane ezenziwe ngezinto ezenziwe njenge-polyamide, i-polysulfone, okanye i-cellulose acetic acid derivation. Ezi membrane zinemingxunya emincinci okanye imijelo evumela ngokukodwa ukungena kwee-athomu zamanzi ngelixa zivala izinto ezingcolisayo ezifana neetyuwa, amasuntswana, izinto eziphilayo ezincinci, kunye neekhompawundi zendalo.

I-Reverse Osmosis (RO): I-Turn around osmosis sisiphatho sokususa ukungcola emanzini esisebenzisa i-membrane ekwaziyo ukugqobhoza ukungcola emanzini. Kwinkqubo ye-RO, amanzi ancitshiswa ngaphantsi kobunzima nge-membrane, evumela ngokukodwa amasuntswana amanzi ukuba adlule ngelixa ekhupha iityuwa eziphukileyo, iiminerali, kunye nolunye ungcoliseko. Amanzi ahluziweyo adlula kwi-membrane ayaqokelelwa, ngelixa ungcoliseko olulahliweyo luhlala luhlanjwa ngaphandle kwamanzi amdaka.

Kwi-rundown, inwebu sisithintelo somzimba esivumela ngokukodwa ukungena kwezinto ezithile, ngelixa i-osmosis ebuyela umva sisilungiselelo esithile sokususa ungcoliseko lwamanzi esebenzisa inwebu evuleke kancinci ukukhupha izinto ezingcolisayo emanzini. I-RO sesinye isicelo sokwenziwa kwe-membrane entsha kunyango lwamanzi, nangona sesona sicwangciso sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi nesiphumeleleyo sokwenza amanzi okusela akumgangatho ophezulu.

Ukuhluzwa kweMembrane: Ujongo olusisiseko

Ukuhluzwa kweMembrane yindlela esetyenziswa ukwahlula amasuntswana kunye nokungcola kwisisombululo solwelo ngokusidlulisa kwimembrane engakwazi ukungena ngaphakathi. Le membrane isebenza njengomqobo, ivumela iimolekyuli ezithile kuphela ukuba zidlule ngelixa zivala ezinye ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bazo, imo, kunye nombane. Ukuhluzwa kweMembrane kubandakanya iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokuhluzwa kwe-microfiltration, ukuhluzwa kwe-ultrafiltration, ukuhluzwa kwe-nano, kunye ne -reverse osmosis , nganye ihlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zokuhluzwa.

Amacandelo angundoqo oHluzo lweMembrane

I-Microfiltration (MF) isebenzisa ii-membrane ezinobungakanani bepore ukusuka kwi-0.1 ukuya kwi-10 micrometers, ngokufanelekileyo ukususa izinto eziqinileyo, iibhaktheriya, kunye nezinye iintsholongwane emanzini. I-Ultrafiltration (UF) isebenzisa iimbumba ezinobungakanani obuncinci bepore, ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-0.01 ukuya kwi-0.1 micrometers, ukuphelisa amaqhekeza e-colloidal, i-macromolecules, kunye ne-pathogens. I-Nanofiltration (NF) isebenza kwinqanaba le-molecular, isusa i-ion divalent, i-organic compounds, kunye neengqungquthela ezintle. I-Reverse osmosis (RO), eyona ndlela iphakamileyo yokucoca i-membrane, isebenzisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokunyanzela amanzi nge-membrane e-semi-permeable, ukususa ngokufanelekileyo iityuwa ezinyibilikileyo, iiminerali kunye nokungcola.

I-Mechanics ye-Reverse Osmosis (RO)

I-Reverse osmosis (RO) yinkqubo ephucukileyo yokucoca amanzi esebenzisa i-membrane ekwaziyo ukungena kancinci ukususa ii-ion, iimolekyuli, kunye namasuntswana amakhulu emanzini okusela. Kwiinkqubo ze-RO, amanzi acinezelwa aze anyanzelwe nge-membrane, ngelixa izinto ezingcolisayo zishiywa ngasemva, nto leyo ebangela amanzi acocekileyo kwelinye icala. Le nkqubo isusa ngokufanelekileyo uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezingcolisayo, kuquka iityuwa, iiminerali, iimetali ezinzima, kunye neekhompawundi ze-organic, nto leyo evelisa amanzi okusela asemgangathweni ophezulu.

Iimpawu eziBalulekileyo: UkuHlungwa kweMembrane vs. Reverse Osmosis

Ukuhluzwa kweMembrane kunye neReverse Osmosis (RO) zombini ziinkqubo zokucoca amanzi ezisebenzisa iimembrane ezingakwazi ukungena emanzini ukuze zisuse ukungcola emanzini.

Ubungakanani bePore:

I-Membrane Filtration: Ukuhluzwa kweMembrane kubandakanya udidi olubanzi lweenkqubo ezibandakanya i-microfiltration (MF), i-ultrafiltration (UF), i-nanofiltration (NF), kunye ne-osmosis yokubuyisela (RO). Ubungakanani bepore yeenwebu buyahluka kuzo zonke ezi ndlela. I-Microfiltration inobukhulu obukhulu bepore, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-0.1 ukuya kwi-10 micrometers, ngelixa i-ultrafiltration ineepores ezincinci (0.01 ukuya kwi-0.1 micrometers). I-Nanofiltration ineepores ezincinci, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-0.001 ukuya kwi-0.01 micrometers. I-osmosis ebuyela umva, kwelinye icala, inobukhulu obuncinci bepore, ngokuqhelekileyo ingaphantsi kwe-0.001 micrometers, ukuyivumela ukuba isuse uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezingcolisayo, kubandakanya iityuwa ezinyibilikisiweyo kunye neeyoni.

I-Reverse Osmosis: Iimbrane ze-RO zineepores ezincinci kakhulu ezivumela iimolekyuli zamanzi kuphela ukuba zidlule ngelixa zithintela iityuwa ezinyibilikileyo, iiminerali, ibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo.

Uxinzelelo lokusebenza:

I-Membrane Filtration: Iinkqubo zokucoca i-Membrane ezifana ne-microfiltration, i-ultrafiltration, kunye ne-nanofiltration ngokuqhelekileyo isebenza kwiingcinezelo eziphantsi xa kuthelekiswa ne-osmosis ebuyela umva.

I-Reverse Osmosis: I-osmosis ebuyela umva ifuna uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokusebenza ukoyisa uxinzelelo lwe-osmotic kunye nokunyanzela amanzi kwi-membrane ene-semipermeable. Olu xinzelelo ludla ngokunikezelwa yimpompo kwinkqubo ye-RO.

Iindidi zongcoliseko ezisusiweyo:

I-Membrane Filtration: Iinkqubo zokucoca i-Membrane zisebenza kakuhle ekususeni izinto eziqinileyo, iibhaktheriya, ezinye iintsholongwane, kunye neemolekyuli ezinkulu, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu be-pore ye-membrane esetyenzisiweyo.

I-Reverse Osmosis: I-osmosis ebuyela umva iyakwazi ukususa uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezingcolisayo, kubandakanya neetyuwa ezinyibilikisiweyo, iiminerali, isinyithi esinzima, iikhompawundi zezinto eziphilayo, iibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, kunye nobunye ukungcola, ngenxa yobungakanani bayo obuncinci bepore kunye nenkqubo eqhutywa luxinzelelo.

Isicelo :

I-Membrane Filtration: Ubuchule bokucoca i-Membrane buhlala busetyenziselwa izicelo ezifana nokucaciswa kwamanzi, ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, kunye nokususwa kwento encinci emanzini.

I-Reverse Osmosis: I-Reverse osmosis iqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amanzi okusela asulungekileyo, ukukhutshwa kwetyuwa kumanzi olwandle kunye namanzi anebraksh, inkqubo yokucoca amanzi kwimizi-mveliso, kunye nezinye iinkqubo apho kufuneka amanzi acoceke kakhulu.

Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezicelo zoHluzo lweMembrane

Ukuhluzwa kweMembrane kunika iingenelo ezininzi, kubandakanya ukuguquguquka, ukukala, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa amayeza, ukutya kunye nesiselo, i-biotechnology, kunye nonyango lwamanzi amdaka. I-Microfiltration kunye ne-ultrafiltration zisetyenziselwa ukucacisa kunye nokucoca ulwelo, ngelixa i-nanofiltration isetyenziselwa ukuthambisa amanzi kunye nokususa i-organic compounds. I-Reverse osmosis ifumana ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kwizityalo zokukhupha ityuwa, iinkqubo zokucoca amanzi, kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa ezifuna amanzi acocekileyo.

Izibonelelo kunye nokuSetyenziswa kwe-Reverse Osmosis (RO)

Itekhnoloji ye-Reverse Osmosis (RO) iqhayisa ngokusebenza ngokungenakulinganiswa nanto ekususeni iityuwa ezinyibilikisiweyo, iiminerali, kunye nongcoliseko emanzini, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yimfuneko kwiindawo ezijongene nokunqongophala kwamanzi okanye ubutyuwa obuphezulu. Iinkqubo ze-RO zisetyenziswa kwiindawo zokuhlala, zorhwebo, nakwimizi-mveliso ukuvelisa amanzi alungele ukuselwa kumanzi olwandle, amanzi amtyuba, okanye kwimithombo engcolisekileyo. Ukongeza, itekhnoloji ye-RO ibalulekile ekuveliseni amanzi asulungekileyo kwimveliso yamayeza, ukwenziwa kombane, kunye nemveliso yesiselo, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso ogqwesileyo kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho engqongqo yolawulo.

Iingqwalasela zokuKhetha iSicombululo sokuNyangwa kwamanzi esiLungileyo

Xa ukhetha phakathi kwe-membrane filtration kunye ne-osmosis ebuyisela umva ukucocwa kwamanzi, izinto ezininzi kufuneka ziqwalaselwe, kubandakanya umgangatho wamanzi okutya, inqanaba elinqwenelekayo lokucoceka, umthamo wonyango, iindleko zokusebenza, kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo. Ngelixa i-membrane filtration inokwanela ukususa amasuntswana amakhulu kunye ne-microorganisms, i-osmosis eguqukayo iyimfuneko ekupheliseni iityuwa ezinyibilikileyo kunye ne-ion, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezifuna amanzi acocekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuvavanya iimfuno ezithile kunye nezithintelo zesicelo ngasinye ukumisela isisombululo esifanelekileyo sokunyanga amanzi.

isiphelo

Ukuqukumbela, ukuhluzwa kwe-membrane kunye ne-reverse osmosis ziiteknoloji ezibalulekileyo kwicandelo lokucocwa kwamanzi, nganye ineenzuzo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Ngelixa ukuhluzwa kwe-membrane kubandakanya iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokususa amasuntswana kunye nokungcola emanzini, i-reverse osmosis igqwesile ekususeni iityuwa kunye nee-ions ezinyibilikisiweyo, okwenza kube yimfuneko ekukhupheni ityuwa kunye nokuvelisa amanzi acocekileyo kakhulu. Ngokuqonda umahluko phakathi kokuhluzwa kwe-membrane kunye netekhnoloji ye-RO, abachaphazelekayo banokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi xa bekhetha izisombululo zonyango lwamanzi ezenzelwe iimfuno zabo ezithile kunye neemfuno zabo. Qhagamshelana nathi ku-info@md-desalination.com ukuze ufumane imibuzo okanye ukuba uyayifuna.

Iingxelo:

1. I-American Water Works Association. "IiNkqubo zeMembrane kunyango lwamanzi okusela." https://www.awwa.org/resources-tools/water-knowledge/membrane-processes-in-drinking-water-treatment

2. UPhando lweJoloji lwase-US. "Reverse Osmosis." https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/reverse-osmosis?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects

3. Umbutho woMgangatho waManzi. "Reverse Osmosis." https://www.wqa.org/learn-about-water/perceptible-issues/contaminants/reverse-osmosis